Short facts about the economy in Peru
| Economy -
overview: |
The Peruvian economy has become
increasingly market-oriented, with major privatizations completed since 1990 in
the mining, electricity, and telecommunications industries. Thanks to strong
foreign investment and the cooperation between the FUJIMORI government and the
IMF and World Bank, growth was strong in 1994-97 and inflation was brought under
control. In 1998, El Nino's impact on agriculture, the financial crisis in Asia,
and instability in Brazilian markets undercut growth. And 1999 was another lean
year for Peru, with the aftermath of El Nino and the Asian financial crisis
working its way through the economy. Political instability resulting from the
presidential election and FUJIMORI's subsequent departure from office limited
economic growth in 2000. |
| GDP: |
purchasing power parity - $123 billion
(2000 est.) |
| GDP - real
growth rate: |
3.6% (2000
est.) |
| GDP - per
capita: |
purchasing power parity - $4,550 (2000
est.) |
| GDP -
composition by sector: |
agriculture: 15%
industry: 42%
services: 43%
(1999) |
| Population
below poverty line: |
49% (1994
est.) |
| Household
income or consumption by percentage share: |
lowest 10%: 1.9%
highest 10%: 34.3%
(1994) |
| Inflation
rate (consumer prices): |
3.7% (2000
est.) |
| Labor
force: |
7.6 million (1996
est.) |
| Labor force
- by occupation: |
agriculture, mining and quarrying,
manufacturing, construction, transport,
services |
| Unemployment
rate: |
7.7%; extensive underemployment
(1997) |
| Budget: |
revenues: $8.5 billion
expenditures: $9.3 billion, including capital
expenditures of $2 billion (1996 est.) |
| Industries: |
mining of metals, petroleum, fishing,
textiles, clothing, food processing, cement, auto assembly, steel, shipbuilding,
metal fabrication |
| Industrial
production growth rate: |
8.5% (2000
est.) |
| Electricity
- production: |
18.886 billion kWh
(1999) |
| Electricity
- production by source: |
fossil fuel: 23.04%
hydro: 76.43%
nuclear:
0%
other: 0.53% (1999) |
| Electricity
- consumption: |
17.565 billion kWh
(1999) |
| Electricity
- exports: |
0 kWh
(1999) |
| Electricity
- imports: |
1 million kWh
(1999) |
| Agriculture
- products: |
coffee, cotton, sugarcane, rice, wheat,
potatoes, plantains, coca; poultry, beef, dairy products, wool;
fish |
| Exports: |
$7 billion (f.o.b., 2000
est.) |
| Exports -
commodities: |
fish and fish products, copper, zinc,
gold, crude petroleum and byproducts, lead, coffee, sugar,
cotton |
| Exports -
partners: |
US 29%, EU 25%, Andean Community 6%,
Japan 4%, Mercosur 3% (1999) |
| Imports: |
$7.4 billion (f.o.b., 2000
est.) |
| Imports -
commodities: |
machinery, transport equipment,
foodstuffs, petroleum, iron and steel, chemicals,
pharmaceuticals |
| Imports -
partners: |
US 32%, EU 21%, Andean Community 6%,
Mercosur 8%, Japan 5% (1999) |
| Debt -
external: |
$31 billion (2000
est.) |
| Economic aid
- recipient: |
$895.1 million
(1995) |
| Currency: |
nuevo sol
(PEN) |
| Exchange
rates: |
nuevo sol per US dollar - 3.5230
(January 2001), 3.4900 (2000), 3.383 (1999), 2.930 (1998), 2.664 (1997), 2.453
(1996) |
| Fiscal
year: |
calendar year | Source: World Factbook |
