Short facts about the economy in Indonesia
| Economy -
overview: |
Indonesia, a vast polyglot nation,
faces severe economic problems, stemming from secessionist movements and the low
level of security in the regions, the lack of reliable legal recourse in
contract disputes, corruption, weaknesses in the banking system, and strained
relations with the IMF. Investor confidence will remain low and few new jobs
will be created under these circumstances. Growth of 4.8% in 2000 is not
sustainable, being attributable to favorable short-term factors, including high
world oil prices, a surge in nonoil exports, and increased domestic demand for
consumer durables. |
| GDP: |
purchasing power parity - $654 billion
(2000 est.) |
| GDP - real
growth rate: |
4.8% (2000
est.) |
| GDP - per
capita: |
purchasing power parity - $2,900 (2000
est.) |
| GDP -
composition by sector: |
agriculture: 21%
industry: 35%
services: 44% (1999
est.) |
| Population
below poverty line: |
20%
(1998) |
| Household
income or consumption by percentage share: |
lowest 10%: 3.6%
highest 10%: 30.3%
(1996) |
| Inflation
rate (consumer prices): |
9% (2000
est.) |
| Labor
force: |
99 million
(1999) |
| Labor force
- by occupation: |
agriculture 45%, industry 16%, services
39% (1999 est.) |
| Unemployment
rate: |
15%-20% (1998
est.) |
| Budget: |
revenues: $26 billion
expenditures: $30 billion, including capital
expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
| Industries: |
petroleum and natural gas; textiles,
apparel, and footwear; mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood; rubber;
food; tourism |
| Industrial
production growth rate: |
7.5% (2000
est.) |
| Electricity
- production: |
78.674 billion kWh
(1999) |
| Electricity
- production by source: |
fossil fuel: 80.36%
hydro: 14.63%
nuclear:
0%
other: 5.01% (1999) |
| Electricity
- consumption: |
73.167 billion kWh
(1999) |
| Electricity
- exports: |
0 kWh
(1999) |
| Electricity
- imports: |
0 kWh
(1999) |
| Agriculture
- products: |
rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts,
rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra; poultry, beef, pork,
eggs |
| Exports: |
$64.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000
est.) |
| Exports -
commodities: |
oil and gas, plywood, textiles,
rubber |
| Exports -
partners: |
Japan 21%, US 14%, Singapore 10%, South
Korea 7%, Netherlands 3%, Australia 3%, Hong Kong, China, Taiwan (1999
est.) |
| Imports: |
$40.4 billion (c.i.f., 2000
est.) |
| Imports -
commodities: |
machinery and equipment; chemicals,
fuels, foodstuffs |
| Imports -
partners: |
Japan 12%, US 12%, Singapore 10%,
Germany 6%, Australia 6%, South Korea 6%, Taiwan, China (1999
est.) |
| Debt -
external: |
$144 billion (2000
est.) |
| Economic aid
- recipient: |
$43 billion from IMF program and other
official external financing (1997-2000) |
| Currency: |
Indonesian rupiah
(IDR) |
| Exchange
rates: |
Indonesian rupiahs per US dollar -
10,000 (January 2001), 8,421.8 (2000), 7,855.2 (1999), 10,013.6 (1998), 2,909.4
(1997), 2,342.3 (1996) |
| Fiscal
year: |
calendar year; note - previously was 1
April - 31 March, but starting with 2001, has been changed to calendar
year | Source: World Factbook |
